Double gallbladder completely enclosed in a cystogastric fold of peritoneum / 대한해부학회지

Double gallbladder is one of the rare congenital anomalies of the gallbladder. Failure to detect an accessory gallbladder hampers diagnosis and treatment of cholecystitis, which might result in recurrent attacks of cholecystitis. In addition, presence of peritoneal folds extending from the stomach and duodenum to the gallbladder is very rare. Here we report the presence of a double gallbladder enclosed in a cystogastric fold of the peritoneum. During cadaveric dissection, we observed a cystogastric peritoneal fold that extended from the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum to the gallbladder. The left end of the peritoneal fold merged with the lesser omentum. It enclosed two gallbladders: the main gallbladder and a small accessory gallbladder. The accessory gallbladder was a small pouch with its fundus attached to the main gallbladder by fibrous tissue, and its duct opened into the main cystic duct.

Double gallbladder completely enclosed in a cystogastric fold of peritoneum / 대한해부학회지

Double gallbladder is one of the rare congenital anomalies of the gallbladder. Failure to detect an accessory gallbladder hampers diagnosis and treatment of cholecystitis, which might result in recurrent attacks of cholecystitis. In addition, presence of peritoneal folds extending from the stomach and duodenum to the gallbladder is very rare. Here we report the presence of a double gallbladder enclosed in a cystogastric fold of the peritoneum. During cadaveric dissection, we observed a cystogastric peritoneal fold that extended from the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum to the gallbladder. The left end of the peritoneal fold merged with the lesser omentum. It enclosed two gallbladders: the main gallbladder and a small accessory gallbladder. The accessory gallbladder was a small pouch with its fundus attached to the main gallbladder by fibrous tissue, and its duct opened into the main cystic duct.

Sessile ileum, subhepatic cecum, and uncinate appendix that might lead to a diagnostic dilemma / 대한해부학회지

The subhepatic position of the cecum and appendix is a result of embryological reasons. Subhepatic appendicitis can cause diagnostic dilemmas. During the dissection of an adult male cadaver aged approximately 70 years, the subhepatic position of the cecum and appendix was noted. The appendix made a "U"-shaped bend and its tip was located in the paracolic position. The cecum had appendices epiploicae, and the terminal part of the ileum was retroperitoneal and had ascended vertically to the cecum from the right iliac fossa. Functionally, the sessile part of the ileum might restrict its peristaltic movements. The abnormal position of the terminal ileum might be mistaken for an ascending colon during laparoscopic surgery. The subhepatic position of the cecum and appendix might cause confusion in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis because the tenderness in such cases is not located at the McBurney's point.

Variant structures potent to compress the median nerve in the arm

The most commonly known nerve compression syndrome is carpal tunnel syndrome, in which the median nerve is compressed at the wrist. Along with the pathological processes, some of the anatomically variant structures can also compress the nerves and often leads to confusion in the diagnosis and treatment if one is unaware of such possible anatomical variants. Here, we present a case of possible median nerve compression by an additional belly of coracobrachialis and a fascial sheet from the brachialis, and we also discuss the other possible structures that can compress the median nerve